Module 2 Overview

This module explains how oral biofilm shifts from a protective layer to a driver of disease when left undisturbed. In a healthy state, biofilm helps immune regulation and maintains balance (eubiosis). However, as it matures, it supports anaerobic pathogens that trigger inflammation and tissue breakdown (dysbiosis), especially in periodontal disease.

The biofilm’s role extends beyond the mouth: chronic oral inflammation can contribute to systemic diseases through immune activation, bacterial translocation, and immune dysregulation. A case study illustrates how daily interdental brushing significantly reduced inflammation in just one week, highlighting its clinical power.

Five key tips help patients prevent harmful biofilm: 

1. Brush twice daily
2. Use interdental brushes
3. Support saliva flow
4. Avoid harsh rinses 
5. Reduce sugar, smoking, and stress