Keep biofilm in balance

Learning time: ~45 minutes

The dynamic mix of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa that makes up the oral microbiome exists in a state of constant flux. 

In a healthy state, these microorganisms form a balanced and functional ecosystem that protects the host. This state is known as eubiosis: a stable microbial community that supports oral and systemic health by blocking pathogens, regulating immune responses, maintaining a neutral pH, and aiding digestion.

When this balance is disrupted, dysbiosis occurs. In this state, harmful species can gain dominance, leading to inflammation and contributing to oral diseases like cavities and periodontitis, as well as broader systemic issues.

Central to this shift is the biofilm — a structured microbial community better known as dental plaque. 

The oral microbiome organises into structured, surface-bound communities called biofilms. While early biofilms can be protective and beneficial, when left undisturbed, they mature into complex ecosystems that shelter pathogenic bacteria and trigger inflammation.

In this module, you will explore how biofilms shift from health to disease, what fuels this transformation, and why disrupting biofilm—especially in interdental areas—is essential to preventing periodontal disease and protecting systemic health. You’ll also learn how even small hygiene interventions, like targeted interdental cleaning, can significantly reduce inflammation and restore microbial balance.

This is where oral hygiene moves from routine to clinical strategy—and where biofilm control becomes a frontline tool for systemic well-being.

What you will learn:

• Understanding biofilms: How healthy biofilms support oral and systemic health, and why plaque buildup alone is not the cause of disease.
• Disease progression: How the maturation of biofilms actually drives the shift from health to disease.
• Patient engagement: Effective ways to motivate patients to manage their biofilm at home.